The "Good Old Mission Days" Never Existed! - Revision history

Ccarlsson: added proper Book Excerpts format

2023-01-10T06:52:53Z

added proper Book Excerpts format

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:52, 9 January 2023
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	36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.		36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.

			[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]

	<hr>		<hr>
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	''Excerpted with permission from [https://utpress.utexas.edu/9780292752672/the-medicine-of-memory/\| ''The Medicine of Memory''] by Alejandro Murguía, published by the University of Texas Press, 2002.''		''Excerpted with permission from [https://utpress.utexas.edu/9780292752672/the-medicine-of-memory/\| ''The Medicine of Memory''] by Alejandro Murguía, published by the University of Texas Press, 2002.''

	~~[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]~~

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]] [[category:Spanish period]] [[category:Book Excerpts]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]] [[category:Spanish period]] [[category:Book Excerpts]]

Ccarlsson: added proper Book Excerpts format

2023-01-10T06:52:14Z

added proper Book Excerpts format

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:52, 9 January 2023
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	'''<font face = Papyrus> <font color = maroon> <font size = 4>Historical Essay</font></font> </font>'''		'''<font face = Papyrus> <font color = maroon> <font size = 4>Historical Essay</font></font> </font>'''

	''by Alejandro Murguia''~~, excerpted with permission from [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/murmed.html ''The Medicine of Memory''] (University of Texas Press: Austin TX: 2002)~~		''by Alejandro Murguia''

	[[Image:Mission-Dolores-1865.jpg]]		[[Image:Mission-Dolores-1865.jpg]]
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	36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.		36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.

			<hr>

			[[Image:Medicine of Memoroy 9780292752672.jpg\|200px\|left]]

			''Excerpted with permission from [https://utpress.utexas.edu/9780292752672/the-medicine-of-memory/\| ''The Medicine of Memory''] by Alejandro Murguía, published by the University of Texas Press, 2002.''

	[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]		[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]] [[category:Spanish period]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]] [[category:Spanish period]] [[category:Book Excerpts]]

Ccarlsson at 04:16, 25 April 2021

2021-04-25T04:16:53Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:16, 24 April 2021
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	[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]		[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]] [[category:Spanish period]]

Ccarlsson: added links

2021-04-23T22:00:39Z

added links

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:00, 23 April 2021
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	If one looks at the amount of cultivated lands Mission San Fernando acquired and had in production within twenty years of its founding, one can get a sense of the human hours needed to tend to this singular "garden." The total grazing lands of the mission were approximately 50 square leagues, or 350 square miles. The herds of cattle and sheep numbered in the thousands, but goats, pigs, and chickens were also raised. The Indians also planted wheat, barley, corn, peas, lentils, and garbanzos, and maintained two orchards of forty acres each surrounded by adobe walls; in these orchards Indians looked after 1,600 fruit trees: pears, apples, apricots, peaches, figs, pomegranates, oranges, quinces, and prickly pears. The mission also had a thousand olive trees, which were said to produce the finest olives in all California, and 32,000 grapevines. (26) As much as two thousand gallons of wine were produced per season, enough to export to Europe. If you take all this bounty from one mission and multiply it by twenty-one, you can get a sense of the wealth the mission system produced. The missions were like modern corporations, the precursors of agribusiness conglomerates that now exploit the land and farmworkers. Moreover, their labor cost was almost nil. The mission Indians provided the labor necessary for missions, pueblos, and presidios to survive. And it was all produced without paying the Indians so much as one peso.		If one looks at the amount of cultivated lands Mission San Fernando acquired and had in production within twenty years of its founding, one can get a sense of the human hours needed to tend to this singular "garden." The total grazing lands of the mission were approximately 50 square leagues, or 350 square miles. The herds of cattle and sheep numbered in the thousands, but goats, pigs, and chickens were also raised. The Indians also planted wheat, barley, corn, peas, lentils, and garbanzos, and maintained two orchards of forty acres each surrounded by adobe walls; in these orchards Indians looked after 1,600 fruit trees: pears, apples, apricots, peaches, figs, pomegranates, oranges, quinces, and prickly pears. The mission also had a thousand olive trees, which were said to produce the finest olives in all California, and 32,000 grapevines. (26) As much as two thousand gallons of wine were produced per season, enough to export to Europe. If you take all this bounty from one mission and multiply it by twenty-one, you can get a sense of the wealth the mission system produced. The missions were like modern corporations, the precursors of agribusiness conglomerates that now exploit the land and farmworkers. Moreover, their labor cost was almost nil. The mission Indians provided the labor necessary for missions, pueblos, and presidios to survive. And it was all produced without paying the Indians so much as one peso.

	Even if the missions were well intentioned, the Indians were forced and subjugated to perform this labor. It was not ~~voluntarywho~~ in their right mind would work like this for nothing? And yet the so-called ''gente de raza, ''those with critical-thinking abilities, never figured out this simple equation. It doesn't matter whether Junipero Serra is canonized or not, made a saint or sent to the devil. The Indians were enslaved, and that enslavement was spiritual, it was physical, and it was brutal. Here's something that is seldom mentioned: once an Indian entered the mission, he was never allowed to leave it again; in other words, he was a prisoner. (27) The military was always present to punish rebellious Indians or those who would run away to the hills, with floggings or days in the stockade or being shackled in stocks. (28) Men were flogged in a public square, while the women were flogged in the female dormitories by a female teacher. Considering that California Indians did not practice physical punishment, this violence must have seemed particularly brutal to them. (29) Several eyewitnesses remarked that the physical punishment meted out to the Indians seemed more appropriate to slaves than to Christians. Jos del Carmen Lugo, in his "Vida de un ranchero," recalls the following: "I do not know how many lashes a ''padre ''could order given an Indian. I believe that it was not more than twenty-five. I do not know whether or not the padres sometimes exceeded their authority in delivering punishments. I do know that they frequently castigated the Indians who had committed faults with lashes, confinement, and chains. On some occasions I saw Indians working in chains for the feet, and 1 also saw r them in stocks." (30)		Even if the missions were well intentioned, the Indians were forced and subjugated to perform this labor. It was not voluntary—who in their right mind would work like this for nothing? And yet the so-called ''gente de raza, ''those with critical-thinking abilities, never figured out this simple equation. It doesn't matter whether Junipero Serra is canonized or not, made a saint or sent to the devil. The Indians were enslaved, and that enslavement was spiritual, it was physical, and it was brutal. Here's something that is seldom mentioned: once an Indian entered the mission, he was never allowed to leave it again; in other words, he was a prisoner. (27) The military was always present to punish rebellious Indians or those who would run away to the hills, with floggings or days in the stockade or being shackled in stocks. (28) Men were flogged in a public square, while the women were flogged in the female dormitories by a female teacher. Considering that California Indians did not practice physical punishment, this violence must have seemed particularly brutal to them. (29) Several eyewitnesses remarked that the physical punishment meted out to the Indians seemed more appropriate to slaves than to Christians. Jos del Carmen Lugo, in his "Vida de un ranchero," recalls the following: "I do not know how many lashes a ''padre ''could order given an Indian. I believe that it was not more than twenty-five. I do not know whether or not the padres sometimes exceeded their authority in delivering punishments. I do know that they frequently castigated the Indians who had committed faults with lashes, confinement, and chains. On some occasions I saw Indians working in chains for the feet, and 1 also saw r them in stocks." (30)

	What the Indians received in return for their labor were the trinkets of civilization, some hymns to sing, and cheap clothes, all cut from the same cloth in the same style. They also received the rituals of Catholicism, including marriage and baptism. But for the thousands who were baptized and then died of overwork, disease, or other causes, there's no proof that any of them are in heaven. There isn't one painted image, for instance, showing an Indian at the side of God. Just imagine the contradiction: if Indians are in heaven, they must be working the fields while the padres drink wine and smoke cigars. And yet that was the point of the missions, to save the Indian souls, to make them candidates for heaven.		What the Indians received in return for their labor were the trinkets of civilization, some hymns to sing, and cheap clothes, all cut from the same cloth in the same style. They also received the rituals of Catholicism, including marriage and baptism. But for the thousands who were baptized and then died of overwork, disease, or other causes, there's no proof that any of them are in heaven. There isn't one painted image, for instance, showing an Indian at the side of God. Just imagine the contradiction: if Indians are in heaven, they must be working the fields while the padres drink wine and smoke cigars. And yet that was the point of the missions, to save the Indian souls, to make them candidates for heaven.
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	[[Image:Mission Dolores 1900 wnp27.2174.jpg\|800px]]		[[Image:Mission Dolores 1900 wnp27.2174.jpg\|800px]]

	'''Mission Dolores, c. 1900.'''		'''Mission Dolores, c. 1900. Read about [[Unsettled: Masked Heroes and Masked Memories of Pandemics in the Mission\|epidemics among indigenous people at Mission Dolores 1776-1846]].'''

	''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org''		''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org''

Ccarlsson: added photos category and a link

2020-08-31T03:42:30Z

added photos category and a link

@@ Line 24: / Line 24: @@
 But how much did the missionaries really care about the Indian soul? There is no ''campo santo ''for the Indians in any of the missions, no holy ground where their bones rest. In all the missions, where exactly the Indians are buried is a mystery, and this lays bare the myth that the padres were concerned about them. Mass graves? Single plots? Each mission merely has a marker of wood or stone that says so many thousand Indians are buried here. But where exactly is here, no one knows. I imagine the missions as charnel houses of bodies and bones, with the quiet of mornings and evenings broken by the sounds of sorrowful people crying incoherent rants against punishment received for sins never committed.
 [[Image:mission$bell-and-mission-2003.jpg]]
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 ''by Alejandro Murguia'', excerpted with permission from [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/murmed.html ''The Medicine of Memory''] (University of Texas Press: Austin TX: 2002)
-'''Notes'''
+[[Image:Colonizer-graffiti-on-Mission-wall 20200705 115538.jpg]]
 . Francis J. Weber, ''Mission San Fernando, ''7-10. 26. Ibid., 16.
@@ Line 71: / Line 89: @@
 [[Mission Dolores |Prev. Document]]  [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission |Next Document]]
-[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]]
+[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]] [[category:2020s]]

Ccarlsson at 02:30, 17 June 2020

2020-06-17T02:30:48Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 19:30, 16 June 2020
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	'''Mission Dolores, c. 1865.'''		'''Mission Dolores, c. 1865.'''

	''Photo: ~~Shaping San Francisco~~''		''Photo: Private Collection''

			[[Image:Mission Dolores 1903 wnp15.833.jpg]]

			'''Mission Dolores, 1903.'''

			''Photo: OpenSFHistory.org wnp15.833''

	There's a saying in Spanish: ''Para muestra sirve un boton (For an example, a button is good enough)''. In this case, the daily life at Mission San Fernando is a good example of [[NATIVE AMERICANS in the MISSION ECONOMY\|life at all the missions]]. The Indians of Mission San Fernando lived nearby in some seventy adobe houses. They rose at sunrise and began their day with ''doctrina, ''sermons or teachings; then mass; then breakfast, a cornmeal called ''atole. ''They worked till noon, had more ''atole, ''perhaps a brief siesta, and then returned to work. The men and older boys worked in the fields or shops while the women and girls were taught cooking, sewing, or spinning, or worked with the wives of the soldiers. At the end of the day there was more ''doctrina, ''then dinner was eaten about six, and whatever was left of the day was theirs.(25)		There's a saying in Spanish: ''Para muestra sirve un boton (For an example, a button is good enough)''. In this case, the daily life at Mission San Fernando is a good example of [[NATIVE AMERICANS in the MISSION ECONOMY\|life at all the missions]]. The Indians of Mission San Fernando lived nearby in some seventy adobe houses. They rose at sunrise and began their day with ''doctrina, ''sermons or teachings; then mass; then breakfast, a cornmeal called ''atole. ''They worked till noon, had more ''atole, ''perhaps a brief siesta, and then returned to work. The men and older boys worked in the fields or shops while the women and girls were taught cooking, sewing, or spinning, or worked with the wives of the soldiers. At the end of the day there was more ''doctrina, ''then dinner was eaten about six, and whatever was left of the day was theirs.(25)
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	[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]		[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]] [[category:1860s]] [[category:1900s]]

Ccarlsson: added photo

2013-07-31T07:13:14Z

added photo

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:13, 31 July 2013
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	''by Alejandro Murguia'', excerpted with permission from [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/murmed.html ''The Medicine of Memory''] (University of Texas Press: Austin TX: 2002)		''by Alejandro Murguia'', excerpted with permission from [http://www.utexas.edu/utpress/books/murmed.html ''The Medicine of Memory''] (University of Texas Press: Austin TX: 2002)

	[[Image:~~mission$bell~~-~~and~~-~~mission-2003~~.jpg]]		[[Image:Mission-Dolores-1865.jpg]]

	'''~~The oxidized bells [near the Missions] were the idea of a woman whose husband owned the only bell-making factory in the west~~. '''		'''Mission Dolores, c. 1865.'''

	''Photo: ~~Chris Carlsson~~''		''Photo: Shaping San Francisco''

	There's a saying in Spanish: ''Para muestra sirve un boton (For an example, a button is good enough)''. In this case, the daily life at Mission San Fernando is a good example of [[NATIVE AMERICANS in the MISSION ECONOMY\|life at all the missions]]. The Indians of Mission San Fernando lived nearby in some seventy adobe houses. They rose at sunrise and began their day with ''doctrina, ''sermons or teachings; then mass; then breakfast, a cornmeal called ''atole. ''They worked till noon, had more ''atole, ''perhaps a brief siesta, and then returned to work. The men and older boys worked in the fields or shops while the women and girls were taught cooking, sewing, or spinning, or worked with the wives of the soldiers. At the end of the day there was more ''doctrina, ''then dinner was eaten about six, and whatever was left of the day was theirs.(25)		There's a saying in Spanish: ''Para muestra sirve un boton (For an example, a button is good enough)''. In this case, the daily life at Mission San Fernando is a good example of [[NATIVE AMERICANS in the MISSION ECONOMY\|life at all the missions]]. The Indians of Mission San Fernando lived nearby in some seventy adobe houses. They rose at sunrise and began their day with ''doctrina, ''sermons or teachings; then mass; then breakfast, a cornmeal called ''atole. ''They worked till noon, had more ''atole, ''perhaps a brief siesta, and then returned to work. The men and older boys worked in the fields or shops while the women and girls were taught cooking, sewing, or spinning, or worked with the wives of the soldiers. At the end of the day there was more ''doctrina, ''then dinner was eaten about six, and whatever was left of the day was theirs.(25)
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	But how much did the missionaries really care about the Indian soul? There is no ''campo santo ''for the Indians in any of the missions, no holy ground where their bones rest. In all the missions, where exactly the Indians are buried is a mystery, and this lays bare the myth that the padres were concerned about them. Mass graves? Single plots? Each mission merely has a marker of wood or stone that says so many thousand Indians are buried here. But where exactly is here, no one knows. I imagine the missions as charnel houses of bodies and bones, with the quiet of mornings and evenings broken by the sounds of sorrowful people crying incoherent rants against punishment received for sins never committed.		But how much did the missionaries really care about the Indian soul? There is no ''campo santo ''for the Indians in any of the missions, no holy ground where their bones rest. In all the missions, where exactly the Indians are buried is a mystery, and this lays bare the myth that the padres were concerned about them. Mass graves? Single plots? Each mission merely has a marker of wood or stone that says so many thousand Indians are buried here. But where exactly is here, no one knows. I imagine the missions as charnel houses of bodies and bones, with the quiet of mornings and evenings broken by the sounds of sorrowful people crying incoherent rants against punishment received for sins never committed.

			[[Image:mission$bell-and-mission-2003.jpg]]

			'''The oxidized bells [near the Missions] were the idea of a woman whose husband owned the only bell-making factory in the west. '''

			''Photo: Chris Carlsson''

	Because the past is painful in California, we have fabricated a history for the missions that is pure myth. Let's just get it over with and admit that it's not only a myth, but a pretty deliberately fabricated one. None of the romance is true. The mission myth of California is the unintentional result of a novel about California Indians ''after ''the mission era, coupled with the more deliberate effort of magazine editors who sold California as a paradise, a land of sun, health, and romantic missions. El Camino Real never existed. (31) No royal "king's" road ever linked the missions, not ever. The missions were not one day apart, as is commonly believed. (32) The oxidized bells along the side of the freeway were the idea of a woman whose husband owned the only bell-making factory in the west. But the honor for actually placing the bells in 1906 goes to the Camino Real Association. (33) The friars wore gray robes, not brown ones (as they are usually depicted), till the 1890s, way after the mission period ended. (34) The whole "mission" myth is a Hollywood script, a public relations coup, history without substance.		Because the past is painful in California, we have fabricated a history for the missions that is pure myth. Let's just get it over with and admit that it's not only a myth, but a pretty deliberately fabricated one. None of the romance is true. The mission myth of California is the unintentional result of a novel about California Indians ''after ''the mission era, coupled with the more deliberate effort of magazine editors who sold California as a paradise, a land of sun, health, and romantic missions. El Camino Real never existed. (31) No royal "king's" road ever linked the missions, not ever. The missions were not one day apart, as is commonly believed. (32) The oxidized bells along the side of the freeway were the idea of a woman whose husband owned the only bell-making factory in the west. But the honor for actually placing the bells in 1906 goes to the Camino Real Association. (33) The friars wore gray robes, not brown ones (as they are usually depicted), till the 1890s, way after the mission period ended. (34) The whole "mission" myth is a Hollywood script, a public relations coup, history without substance.

Lisaruth: changed next doc link

2009-08-03T23:24:15Z

changed next doc link

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:24, 3 August 2009
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	36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.		36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.

	[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[~~The~~ Mission ~~District~~ \|Next Document]]		[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[Gold Rush 49ers Discover the Mission \|Next Document]]

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]]

Ccarlsson at 07:01, 12 June 2009

2009-06-12T07:01:21Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:01, 12 June 2009
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	36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.		36. Robert H. Jackson and Edward Castillo offer a similar observation in their book ''Indians, Franciscans, and Spanish Colonization:. The Impact of the Mission System on California Indians, ''35.

	[[~~For Whom the Belle Toils:~~ \|Prev. Document]] [[The Mission District \|Next Document]]		[[Mission Dolores \|Prev. Document]] [[The Mission District \|Next Document]]

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]]

Lisaruth: removed category - ohlone

2009-01-21T08:33:43Z

removed category - ohlone

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:33, 21 January 2009
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	[[For Whom the Belle Toils: \|Prev. Document]] [[The Mission District \|Next Document]]		[[For Whom the Belle Toils: \|Prev. Document]] [[The Mission District \|Next Document]]

	[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846~~]] [[category:Ohlone~~]]		[[category:Mission]] [[category:Indigenous]] [[category:Labor]] [[category:1776-1823]] [[category:1823-1846]]